In 1921 Cady designed the first circuit to control frequencies based on quartz crystal resonator, and received two fundamental patents on resonators and their applications to radio in 1923.
2.
In modern quartz clocks, the quartz crystal resonator or oscillator is in the shape of a small tuning fork, laser-trimmed or precision lapped to vibrate at 32, 768 metal oxide semiconductor ( MOS ) integrated circuits allowed a 12-month battery life from a single coin cell when driving either a mechanical Lavet type stepping motor or a liquid crystal display ( in an LCD digital watch ).